Every day, according to the International Air Transport Association (IATA), up to 100,000 flights take off to transport around 140,000 tons of cargo. This massive scale reflects the importance of air freight in the global economy. The daily value of this cargo reaches USD 18.6 billion, highlighting the vibrancy and key role of this sector.

In the A/F industry, knowing the standard pallet dimensions is very critical. It helps your business optimize costs, ensure cargo safety, and speed up logistics processes. So, what are the standard pallet sizes in air freight? What types of pallets are included? This article will help clarify.

1.    Why Are Pallet Sizes Important in Air Freight?

Understanding aircraft pallet dimensions helps businesses:

• Optimize space: Goods are arranged neatly, maximizing aircraft hold volume, which significantly reduces air freight costs.
• Ensure safety: Cargo is securely fixed on air freight pallets, minimizing the risk of shifting or damage during flight.
• Saving time: Loading and unloading become faster, reducing labor and airport waiting time.
• Follow regulations: Ensures shipments comply with international aviation safety and handling standards, avoiding potential issues.
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2.    Common Types of Air Freight Pallet Sizes

Unlike sea or road transport, aircraft cargo holds have limited and uniquely shaped space. Air cargo pallets, also known as aircraft pallets, are a type of Unit Load Device (ULD) designed to fit specific aircraft models — from narrow-body to dedicated freighter aircraft.

• PMC Pallet: This is the one of the most common standard air freight pallets
• Standard size: 96 x 125 inches (243.8 x 317.5 cm)
• Max stacking height: 64–96 inches (163–244 cm, depending on aircraft)
• Tare weight: Around 105–120 kg (including net)
• Max gross weight: Up to 6,804 kg (depending on aircraft and position)
• Boeing 747, 767, 777, 787 and Airbus A300, A310, A330, A340, A350

• PAG/ P1P Pallet:
• Standard size: 88 x 125 inches (223.5 x 317.5 cm)
• Max stacking height: Depends on aircraft type and cargo hold
• Passenger hold: ~64 inches (162.6 cm)
• Freighter (Q6 contour): ~96 inches (243.8 cm)
• Freighter (Q7 contour): ~118 inches (299.7 cm)
• Usable area: 2.78 m²
• Tare weight: 105 kg (with net)
• Max gross weight: Up to 6,033 kg (depending on aircraft and position)
• Application: Like the PMC, PAG is a versatile ULD pallet used in both wide-body and narrow-body aircraft, ideal for space-saving needs

• PAA Pallet:
• Base size: 96 x 238.5 inches (243.8 x 605.8 cm)
• Max stacking height:
• Q6 contour: ~96 inches (243.8 cm)
• Q7 contour: ~118 inches (299.7 cm)
• Usable area: 5.9 m²
• Tare weight: Around 480 kg
• Max gross weight: Up to 11,340 kg
• PAA pallet mainly used in freighter aircraft or wide-body aircraft lower deck; ideal for long shipments in international air freight.

3. Air Freight Pallet Loading Guide: Best Practices for Safe and Efficient Shipments

Proper loading of cargo onto air freight pallets is a critical step in ensuring safety, space optimization, and compliance during air transportation. Whether you’re using a PMC, PAG, or PAA pallet, the following tips will help you avoid damage, delays, and extra charges.

a.      Respect the Maximum Pallet Height (Contour Limit)

Each type of ULD pallet has a specific maximum stacking height allowed based on aircraft type and position in the cargo hold. Exceeding the limit can result in rejection at the airline terminal.

• Always check the height contour limits for your pallet type (e.g., 64", 96", or 118").
• Measure cargo height after packaging to ensure it fits within contour.

1. Secure Your Cargo Properly

To prevent cargo shifting or damage during flight, proper securing is essential.

• Use air cargo nets, straps, or tie-down systems approved by IATA.
• Avoid overhanging or loose items. All parts of the shipment must fit neatly within the pallet's footprint.

1. Use Protective Packaging Materials

Fragile or sensitive cargo must be packaged securely to handle pressure changes, vibrations, and stacking.

• Recommended materials: stretch film, foam padding, heavy-duty cartons, corner protectors.
• Moisture-sensitive items may need waterproof layers or sealed plastic wrapping.

1. Label Clearly and Accurately

Proper labeling ensures fast handling and avoids misrouting during transit.

• Include shipper/consignee info, handling instructions, and standard air cargo labels.
• For hazardous goods, follow all IATA DGR (Dangerous Goods Regulations) on markings and documentation.

1. Distribute Weight Evenly

Uneven loading can lead to pallet instability or aircraft balance issues.

• Place heavier items at the base and center of the pallet.
• Avoid stacking heavy items on top of lighter, fragile ones.